The Rule Most Postcards Fail
EDDM Retail is a flat-size mailing service, and USPS defines "flat" by a piece exceeding at least one of three thresholds — length over 10.5 inches, height over 6.125 inches, or thickness over 0.25 inches. A mailpiece that fits within all of USPS's letter-size dimensions on every measurement is a letter, not a flat, and does not qualify for EDDM Retail regardless of how well it otherwise fits the general size range.
EDDM Retail Requirements
Height: 3.5″ – 12″
Thickness: 0.007″ – 0.75″
Weight: 3.3 oz maximum
Must exceed: length > 10.5″, OR height > 6.125″, OR thickness > 0.25″
This is exactly why a standard 4x6 postcard does not qualify: 4 inches and 6 inches both sit comfortably within the letter-size range on every dimension, so it never exceeds any of the three flat-size thresholds, regardless of its weight or thickness being otherwise fine.
Sizes That Reliably Qualify
6.5″ × 9″
Height of 9″ clears the 6.125″ flat threshold comfortably, a common choice for postcard-style EDDM mailers that still want a compact size.
8.5″ × 11″
Standard letter-paper dimensions, both length and height clearing their respective flat thresholds, and a size print vendors can produce cheaply since it needs no custom trim from standard stock.
8″ × 10″
A middle-ground size between the two above, also comfortably clearing the flat thresholds on both length and height.
Size Is Not the Only Requirement
Passing the size, thickness, and weight checks is necessary but not sufficient on its own. EDDM Retail mailpieces also need the required indicia — either "ECRWSS" (Enhanced Carrier Route Walk Sequence Saturation) or "Postal Customer" printed on the address side, plus a simulated postage indicia showing the permit-style marking rather than an actual stamp. Those are design and printing requirements checked separately from the physical size eligibility this tool covers.